Beowulf Society - 1744 Words

Beowulf Society The earliest known manuscript of Beowulf is thought to have been written in the tenth century, however, the poem had most likely been told as an oral tradition for centuries before that. In fact, the poems events date back to the sixth century. However, because there is only one manuscript of Beowulf still in tact very little is known about the poem or its author. The poem does, however, give us great insight into the culture of the people who composed and told this epic tale. Because the poem was performed orally mainly between the eighth and tenth centuries, but dealt with subject matter of centuries earlier, it is difficult to decipher and separate the cultural context involved in the poem from one century to the next.†¦show more content†¦He is nearly beaten by the monsters mother until he wields the famous old sword of the giants which had magical power to save him. While he is not as heroic in his second battle, Beowulf still displays many of the virtue s essential for heroism and even survival. He was required to use ingenuity rather than strength in his battle and was required to go through an extremely difficult process in order to get to the monsters lair, almost like an initiation. However, he came out of the whole ordeal wiser and greatly rewarded. This first two battles also, surprisingly, represented what may have been an influence of Christian values on the culture. While the Christianity is not quite the same as we would expect in a more modern setting, it was just beginning to gain some influence in Europe at the time of this story. This was a period of a conversion of the paganistic beliefs into something that more closely resembled Christianity. Many of the principles and ideals of the two were combined to create a more familiar understanding view of Christianity for the predominantly pagan population. The Christianity in the story is more closely tied in with Moses Old Testament teachings of revenge and equality than Christs teachings of peace, love and forgiveness. Grendels mother attempts to avenge the death of her son while at the same time Beowulf isShow MoreRelated Beowulf Society Essay1717 Words   |  7 Pages Beowulf Society The earliest known manuscript of Beowulf is thought to have been written in the tenth century, however, the poem had most likely been told as an oral tradition for centuries before that. In fact, the poem’s events date back to the sixth century. However, because there is only one manuscript of Beowulf still in tact very little is known about the poem or its author. The poem does, however, give us great insight into the culture of the people who composed and told this epic tale.Read More Epic Poem, Beowulf - Women in Beowulf and Anglo-Saxon Society971 Words   |  4 PagesWomen in Beowulf and Anglo-Saxon Society       Beowulf, one of the most translated and reproduced epics of all time, is literature that concerns characters. While Beowulf himself is the obvious hero of this Anglo-Saxon epic, many companions and fellow travelers are mentioned throughout the text. Some of these secondary characters are almost as noble and courageous as Beowulf himself, while others are lowly cowards. Be what they may, all are captured in this timeless tale of adventure. Women,Read MoreBeowulf : Portrait Of Anglo Saxon Society Essay2057 Words   |  9 Pages Beowulf: Portrait of Anglo-Saxon Society The Middle Ages in England began with the withdrawal of the Romans and the arrival of various Germanic tribes (the Angles, the Saxons and the Jutes), during the mid-fifth century. These tribes, which became known as the Anglo-Saxons, were composed of people from North Germany, Denmark and northern Holland, and took control of most of Britain, except for lands such as Scotland, Wales or Cornwall (Hindley 23). They brought with them the tradition of oralRead MoreThe Values of a Warrior Society as Seen in Beowulf Essay551 Words   |  3 PagesValues of a Warrior Society As Seen in Beowulf When Nelson Mandela, the president of South Africa died, thousands of people gathered to say their goodbyes. It was not a happy and joyous occasion but rather one where people were mourning of the loss of a great man. They may not have personal known him but they know of the great things that he has done to make the world a better place. To them, it is what made his death difficult and sad. However, if we lived in a warrior society his death would notRead MoreEssay On Shakespeare s Beowulf And Anglo Saxon Society944 Words   |  4 PagesRole of Women in Beowulf and Anglo-Saxon Society Beowulf, the hero of Anglo-Saxon epic, had many adventures, and many companions and fellow-warriors are mentioned throughout his story. Some of them seem noble and courageous, truly living up to the standards of their culture; some seem cowardly. But all have gained immortality in the words, many times transcribed and translated, of the famous epic. However, the women of the time are rarely mentioned in Beowulf. Still, even from those few womenRead More Role of Women in the Epic of Beowulf and Anglo-Saxon Society932 Words   |  4 PagesRole of Women in Beowulf and Anglo-Saxon Society  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Beowulf, the hero of Anglo-Saxon epic, had many adventures, and many companions and fellow-warriors are mentioned throughout his story. Some of them seem noble and courageous, truly living up to the standards of their culture; some seem cowardly. But all have gained immortality in the words, many times transcribed and translated, of the famous epic. However, the women of the time are rarely mentioned in Beowulf. Still, even from those fewRead MoreThe Role Of Government In Beowulf And King Arthurs Society1629 Words   |  7 Pages Although the role of the government found in Beowulf and in King Arthurs societies had basically the same functions (to protect the people from invasion and provide safety and order within the community), each government was set up with some drastically different ideologies. The ideologies that perhaps governed the formation of each government were defined easily by the time periods in which each work was written. Both governments describe leaders (Kings) who are honorable and kind to their peopleRead MoreViolence and Societal Change in Beowulf Essay1305 Words   |  6 Pagesbuilding block of society. A tool even; it helps shape and evolve society. For example, the Napoleonic Wars are described on the Canadian Encyclopedia website as having â€Å"greatly stimulated the export economy of the Canadas (Upper and Lower) and the Maritimes†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and that the result (of the wars) was responsible for the â€Å"development of the Canadian forest industry...† Violence (conflict) is necessary to producing social change and an improved society. The theme of violence in Beowulf is portrayed by theRead MoreAnalysis Of Grendel And The Novel The Land Of Stories 1051 Words   |  5 Pagescreated by the anglo-saxon society is removed the main antagonist in the classic Beowulf, Grendel, is revealed to be a tortured beast who is targeted by a religion crazed society. As stated by Chris Colfer in his novel The Land of Stories: The W ishing Spell â€Å"A villain is just a victim whose story hasn’t been told,† yet for many this lesson falls on deaf ears (9). For many Grendel is a thing of nightmares, a beast straight from hell that no villain can match. But when the society that villainizes GrendelRead MoreCulture And Values : The Epic Of Beowulf And Beowulf1260 Words   |  6 PagesAnalyzation of the Beowulf Epic and the Beowulf and Grendel Film The epic tale of Beowulf was written sometime after his death. In other words, a long time ago during the Anglo-Saxon period. Today, directors in Hollywood did not keep from creating their own rendition of this epic poem As a result, plenty of modern interpretations of Beowulf, such as Sturla Gunnarsson’s Beowulf and Grendel, have been released. Naturally, the cultural values that might be reflected in modern Beowulf renditions will

Abstract. Effects Of Bipolar Can Be Far-Reaching, Both

Abstract Effects of bipolar can be far-reaching, both into the lives of patients and those around them. Bipolar affects work, school, relationships, physical health and many other aspects of everyday life. The most severe effect of bipolar disorder is suicide. Unfortunately, 25% - 50% of people with bipolar disorder attempt suicide and 11% commit suicide. Bipolar disorder is a mental illness known as a mood disorder. In mood disorders, the patient suffers from severe emotional states. In bipolar disorder, the patient suffers from â€Å"highs† known as mania or hypomania and â€Å"lows† or depressions. Psychological effects of bipolar disorder are broken down by the types of episodes the person is experiencing. The physical effects of bipolar†¦show more content†¦Effects of bipolar disorder can be far-reaching, both into the lives of patients and those around them. Bipolar disorder affects work, school, relationships, physical health and many other aspects of everyday life. The best way to lessen the effects of bipolar disorder is an accurate, professional bipolar diagnosis and early, appropriate bipolar treatment (Lahey, 2011, 214). HOW BIPOLAR DISORDER AFFECTS EVERYDAY LIFE 4 The physical effects of bipolar disorder come from both the disorder itself as well as its indirect effects. For example, many people with bipolar disorder also develop substance abuse problems in an attempt to mediate the symptoms of bipolar disorder. The effects of bipolar disorder can also result in negative productivity- in depressive episodes, but productivity can actually increase during hypomanic episodes. This irregularity often leads to job loss and emotional instability results in relationship loss(Craighead, 2001, 167). Physical effects of bipolar disorder include: ââ€"  Increased physical and mental activity and energy; hyperactivity ââ€"  Significant changes in appetite and sleep patterns ââ€"  Trouble breathing ââ€"  Racing speech ââ€"  Social withdrawal ââ€"  Loss of energy, persistent lethargy; aches and pains ââ€"  Unexplained crying spells ââ€"  Poor overall health ââ€"  Weight gain; blood pressure and heart problems; diabetes Psychological effects of bipolar are broken down by the type of episodes the person is experiencing. Symptoms during mania mayShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Homeless Conditions, Drug Abuse, And Mental Illness1464 Words   |  6 Pages and Mental illness has on the Health and Wellbeing of Individuals Robin Mullineaux Salt Lake Community College Abstract This paper utilizes five peer reviewed articles for the purpose of identifying the interconnections between psychiatric conditions, self-medication and Homelessness. Depending on the severity of the psychiatric disorder, circumstances can lead to a homeless situation or nomadic lifestyle. It will also cover issues like how these influences affect societal issues suchRead MoreThe And Of The Structure Of Dna3909 Words   |  16 PagesAbstract In 1979 Nobel prize laureate and the co-discoverer of the structure of DNA called for a precise method to gain control over specific classes of neurones â€Å"leaving the others more of less unaltered† which will allow us to understand more about the â€Å"profoundly mysterious brain.† This was the first articulated idea of optogenetics, which would lead to the development of one of the most exciting areas of neuroscience. In 2005 Karl Desseroth and Ed Boyden publishes a paper detailing a single optogeneticRead MoreExtended Essay History4691 Words   |  19 PagesHISTORY EXTENDED ESSAY EFFECT OF THE COLD WAR ON INDIA AND PAKISTAN To what extent did events and policies during the Cold War involving India and Pakistan determine their growth till 1991? ABSTRACT (WORD COUNT: 327) This essay attempts to shed some light on the question: To what extent can the Cold War be looked upon as the main event in shaping the political, economic and military schemes in India and Pakistan 1991? It starts off by explaining the Cold War, its far reaching implications andRead MoreCross Cultural Communication9880 Words   |  40 PagesCross Cultural Communication: Far East Asian Countries This paper gives a short overview of the observed behavioral pattern across some of the far east Asian countries. Understanding these behavioral patterns is important for doing effective communication with people/people group from these countries. The effective communication holds one of the key of establishing business and personal relationship in these countries. This paper also looks into some of concepts and theories in intercultural andRead MoreDesign a Repeater for Digital Rf Signal9527 Words   |  39 PagesAbstract Repeaters for digital TV broadcasting can use either analogue or digital techniques. The purpose of using repeater is to boost signals into areas of weak coverage in any radio communication system. However wave interference means the repeater usually requires a frequency shift for analogue modulated signal. For digitally modulated signal it may be possible to use same frequency. This paper investigated and designed a RF repeater which will improve the inter symbol interference by incorporatingRead MoreStatement of Purpose23848 Words   |  96 Pagespersonal narrative. A quality statement of purpose will distinguish you from the other 150 to 400 applicants competing for the 10 to 20 spots in an average- to large-sized graduate program (―Preparing Your Statement of Purpose Personal Statementâ€â€"). You can achieve your goal by ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · Convincing readers you researched and selected the appropriate school and graduate program based on research interests that match those of one or more professors Explaining your academic experiences and research interestsRead MoreCommunity Health Nursing Final Exam Study Guide Essay15874 Words   |  64 Pagesthe diagnostic tests that must be done. They usually don’t have insurance. High mental heath issues in the homeless population. High risk for infections, trauma, vi olence. Don’t age very well. Where do they seek health care services? (pg. 425, Effects of Homeless on Health) Health care is usually crisis oriented and sought in emergency departments. Those who access health care have a hard time following prescribed regimens. Insulin-dependent diabetic man who lives on the street may sleep inRead MoreAbnormal Psy Essay10046 Words   |  41 Pages11. Which profession requires a research dissertation as a prerequisite for a doctorate degree? A) Psychiatry B) Clinical psychology C) Psychiatric nurse D) Psychoanalyst Ans: B Difficulty: 3 Page: 5 12. Only psychiatrists can A) diagnose mental illness. B) conduct research. C) assess mental illness. D) prescribe medication. Ans: D Difficulty: 3 Page: 6 13. The doctor of psychology degree (Psy.D.) emphasizes A) medication based training. B) psychodynamicRead MoreVolvo Marketing Strategy36220 Words   |  145 Pagesthey know perceive Volvo Cars. Finally, we believe we should thank Umeà ¥ University, the University library and all the librarians for having made available to us interesting and rich literature for our project. Abstract There is a great diversity in marketing strategies that brands can use to develop their name, image and products. The selection of the appropriate strategy is the basis of the image a brand wants to present and how it will be perceived by the market it attempts to approach. HoweverRead MoreMergers Acquisitions in Pharma Industry21425 Words   |  86 Pages Table of Contents: Declaration Abstract Part I –Introduction Research Objective and justifications Report Outline Part-II Industry Description GSK-The Big Picture Factors for success in India References Part-III Literature review Chapter One –Merger: An Introduction

Malinowskis Participant-Observation in Modern Anthropology - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2150 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/09/15 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? Where does Malinowski’s conceptualization of participant-observation sit in the landscape of modern anthropological fieldwork? A primary objective of the modern ethnographer is to glean insights into the ways people relate to and interact with one another and the world around them. Through participant-observation, Malinowski (1922) offered a valuable tool with which to uncover these insights and understandings, the ethnographer. The ethnographer as research tool has become the basis of much modern anthropological research. As a method, it was a radical departure from the typical approach to fieldwork used in Malinowski’s time which involved techniques that kept the ethnographer distanced and distinct from those they studied (McGee Warms, 2008). In his conceptualization of participant-observation, Malinowski identified three primary objectives for the fieldworker. First, to record the feel and flow of daily life as a member of the community; second, to create a framework of community organization based on a scientific perspective; and third, to collect detailed personal information particular to the community of study (Malinowski, 1922). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Malinowskis Participant-Observation in Modern Anthropology" essay for you Create order These goals and methodologies remain principal to the design and analysis of modern anthropological research. However, they also raise a number of questions about the practical, paradigmatic and ethical difficulties associated with anthropological fieldwork. Discussed below are the goals identified by Malinowski, some of the issues they raise, and how they have come to be interpreted within modern anthropological practice. The premise of participant-observation draws the researcher inside the daily life of those they study, with the many small experiences, interactions, intimacies and resulting integration providing an entree into cultural life not afforded the lone observer or ‘outsider’. Malinowski took great pains to ensure that he eventually came to feel part of the tribe, an insider, ‘joining in himself in what is going on’ rather than simply recording the proceedings (Malinowski, 1922, p. 1). Achieving insider, as opposed to outsider, status within a community of study is a primary goal for many anthropologists in the field. However, the concept of a dichotomous insider/outsider positionality is a complex issue that is coming under increasing scrutiny within the field (Kirby, Greaves Reid, 2006). Malinowski’s (1922) methodology of ethnographer as tool is based in two contradictory imperatives, each centered on location. First, the researcher ust locate themselves intimately within the group under study in order to gain a complete and ‘fleshed out’ account of community life and second, that it is not possible, when located within and as a member of a group, to have the necessary perspective to interpret community life (Malinowski, 1922). Claire Sterk (1996) challenges the ethnographer as insider viewpoint through her work with prostitutes in New York and New Jersey. Sterk’s own realization of her ability to extricate herself from the community and rejoin her own ‘world, a world of safety and stability’ confirmed her status as outsider (Sterk, 1996, p. 2). Nancy Kalow (1996) supports Malinowski’s assertion of the importance of distance when analysing data. She reports her research experience within a group of homeless children in San Francisco as limiting her perspective, something she only identified once she stepped outside of the role of participant-observer and became an observer of her data. This r aises the issue of transition from participant-observer to observer/interpreter. By positioning oneself as interpreter or analyst, the researcher creates an academic distance from those they observe, voiding their participant status. Susan Krieger (1996) extends this argument through her experience as a functioning member of the community under study. Krieger found her membership identification did not automatically afford her insight into the group and, through her efforts to interpret data, she came to realize that she had become estranged from her participants and her study. It was only through a ‘process of reengagement’ that she was able to again locate herself within the group and successfully analyze her data, a process at odds with Malinowski’s second imperative (Krieger, 1996, p 183). Thus, Malinowski’s ‘ethnographer as tool’ is still a guiding principle of anthropological fieldwork. However, the location and position of this tool with relation to the community under study has evolved from Malinowski’s limited perception of its scope. To simply be positioned ‘right among the natives’ (Malinowski, 1922, p. 6) does not automatically provide the ethnographer with an insider’s view. It is this realization that has shaped and is still shaping the way fieldwork in modern anthropology is approached. The focus of anthropology can also been seen to have evolved in terms of the premises upon which Malinowski based his anticipated outcomes of research when compared to those of modern ethnographers. The primary purpose of anthropological research identified by Malinowski was that of understanding tribal life objectively and scientifically, in terms of systems of ‘social machinery’ and presenting this for consumption to a Western audience (Malinowski, 1922, p. 109; McGee Warms, 2008). This raises two issues apparent in modern anthropology. First, the relevance, usefulness and problematic nature of a purely objective paradigm within anthropology; and second, the motivations underlying anthropological research and fieldwork. ‘Striving for the scientific view of things’, a central tenet of Malinowski’s (1922, p. 6) anthropology, has been challenged by modern anthropologists. The challenge raises two primary questions. First, is it possible or useful within such a personal contextual field as anthropology to discount subjectivity as an authentic mode of analysis. Krieger (1996) identifies this as a problem inherent in the writing of social science and argues that through ethnography we are not writing about the other but, in fact, writing about the self. She also touches on the second question, from where have our acceptable scientific/objective truths originated? The objective paradigm underlying social science denies self-expression, narrowing the scope of understanding to that of a predominately male, middle-class, Western, academic one. This point appears to lie outside the realm of Malinowski’s consideration and is indicative of his socio-historical epoch. The purpose of research for Malinowski (1922, p. 25) was to ‘shed light on our own (Western)’ mentality, informing Western science and academia. While modern anthropology still endeavours to uncover systems and social structures it does so from the standpoint of advancement or empowerment of those communities it studies, not to exclusively inform Western science (Kirby, Greaves, Reid, 2006). For example, Annette Lareau’s (1996) study seeks to reveal patterns of achievement in relation to class status and school performance, but it does so with an intention to inform educational policy and effect change within schooling systems. Similarly, Sterk’s (1996) study of prostitutes examines the relationship between prostitution, drugs use and AIDS, searching for cross-cultural patterns in order to address the HIV/AIDS crisis. In this way, anthropology is still approached from a scientific paradigmatic orientation. However, what drives the research has changed. Considering the needs of the community, and how a study is designed to identify and address those needs, has become a powerful impetus for anthropological research. Thus, while modern anthropology shares a similar scientific goal with Malinowski, the goalposts have shifted. The question of who benefits from anthropological study has become an important consideration for any modern anthropological researcher (Kirby, Greaves Reid, 2006). This leads the discussion to the issue of ethics. Malinowski’s (1922, p. 4) third goal involves ‘collection of ethnographic statements’ to be used as ‘documents of native mentality’. These documents consist of information that is personal and belonging to those of whom he is studying. At no time during Malinowski’s description of ethnographic methodology does he address the ethical issues of participant consent, or to what extent his role as researcher will affect t he community he is studying. These are all areas of central importance and concern for the modern anthropologist (Kirby, Greaves Reid, 2006). Before undertaking any anthropological study, it is standard modern practice to obtain consent from those that are being studied. In her study involving school children, parents, teachers and administrators, Lareau (1996) describes in detail the difficulties inherent in this process, but also recognizes that it is a necessary component of fieldwork. The extensive trail of consent outlined by Lareau (1996) raises questions identified by Philippe Bourgois (1991) that are yet to be answered – how far back does the line of consent extend? And how does consent, with regards to participant-observation, colour the relationship between observer and observed? These questions are closely related to the role of researcher and their effects on the community which are highlighted by Sterk (1996), who describes grappling with how involved she is willing to become with her participants and how involved her participants have already become with her. One ethical dilemma identified by Sterk (1996) is that of her role as researcher and what responsibility that carries in terms of intervention. Sterk (1996) cites the dilemma of if and how to intervene when participants who are known to be sharing hypodermic needles are also HIV positive. She cannot address this ethical dilemma other than to retreat to the role of outsider, researcher, ethnographer. This problem is explored by Nancy Scheper-Hughes (1995). Through her work in the field, she raises important questions about the ethnographers’ role within the community. She argues that one must be willing to contribute and give back to the community, not from the perspective of what the anthropologist identifies as the needs of he community, but what the community itself identifies. These ethical questions and difficulties do not lie within the scope of Malinowski’s consideration and highlight the progressive nature of ethnography as a mode of cultural and social (human) analysis. Participant-observation, as Malinowski (1922) conceptualized it, was a process through which the ethnographer entrenched themselves in the daily life and living of the community under study. To ‘grasp the native’s point of view’, to ‘realise his vision of his world’ were the words Malinowski (1922, p. 23) used to summarise this approach to anthropological research. This ideology has shaped modern ethnography more than almost any other influencing factor to date and provides the framework for modern ethnography. However, Malinowski’s vision is one that is situated within the colonial, ethnocentric and localized milieu of his time. Anthropology and the world as we know it today has, in many ways, moved on from a perspective that privileges a solely Western view. It now seeks a richer insight into the ways of others by situating the self as ‘other’, outsider, intruder, subject. The difficulty of becoming a true ‘insider’ looms large for any ethnographer in the field, even when the field is situated within one’s own community. The scope of expected outcomes of anthropological research and ethnography has changed considerably since Malinowski’s (1922) study of Trobriand Islanders. The purpose of his study can be seen as solely to inform Western culture, not as a way of informing or effecting change for those of whom he studied. Today, participant-observation and ethnography are increasingly becoming based on understanding and knowledge relating to effecting positive change within the community of study. Through ethnography the anthropologist, community and wider socio-political powers become informed in ways that are designed to benefit those they study. Finally, an area that reveals itself through its omission from Malinowski’s work is the ethical issue of subject participation in ethnographic research. The concern of ethical fieldwork has become of paramount importance within anthropological research and has serious ramifications in terms of subject consent and the changing role of researcher within the field. In conclusion, Malinowski was a man who, in many ways, was ahead of his time. His contribution to ethnographic method in anthropological research is arguably the most important thus far. However, as people’s understanding and expectation of social science and cultural difference expands, the way in which participant-observation is interpreted also expands and evolves into something that Malinowski may have found difficult to conceive. Malinowski provided a solid framework upon which today’s anthropologists can weave a new interpretation to address an ever changing world of humanity. References Bourgois, P. (1991). Confronting the Ethics of Ethnography: Lessons from fieldwork in Central America. In F. Harrison (Ed. ), Decolonizing Anthropology: Moving further toward an anthropology of liberation. Washington, DC: Association of Black Anthropologists, American Anthropological Association. Kalow, N. (1996). Living Dolls. In B. Jackson E. D. Ives (Eds. ), The World Observed: Reflections on the fieldwork process. USA: The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois. Kirby, S. L. Greaves, L. Reid, C. (2006). Experience Research Social Change: Methods beyond the mainstream (2nd ed. ). Canada: Broadview Press. Krieger, S. (1996). Beyond Subjectivity. In A. Lareau J. Shultz, (Eds. ), Journeys Through Ethnography: Realistic accounts of fieldwork. USA: Westfield Press. Lareau, A. (1996). Common Problems in Fieldwork: A personal essay. In A. Lareau J. Shultz, (Eds. ), Journeys Through Ethnography: Realistic accounts of fieldwork. USA: Westview Press Malinowski, B. 19 22). Argonauts of the Western Pacific. New York: Dutton. McGee, R. J. Warms, R. L. , (Eds. ) (2008). Anthropological Theory: An introduction history (4th ed. ). New York: McGraw Hill Scheper-Hughes, N. (1995). The Primacy of the Ethical: Propositions for a militant anthropology. Current Anthropology, 36(3), 409-420. Sterk, C. (1996). Prostitution, Drug Use and Aids. In C. Smith W. Kornblum (Eds. ), In The Field: Readings on the field research experience. Westport, USA: Preger Press.

Effect Of The Taxation System On China s Tobacco Industry

Under the taxation system, majority of the taxes goes to the central government while revenue from some tax categories is shared with the local government. This revenue-sharing setting guarantees that the financial incentive of local government is aligned with that of the central government. Specifically in the tobacco industry, there are two levels of taxes collected ï ¿ ¼! 10! corresponding to the two stages of cigarette production, a tobacco leaf tax and a cigarette tax. Despite that tobacco leaf belongs to the category of agricultural commodity, the Ministry of Agricultural in China has no jurisdiction over the tobacco industry; instead, STMA and CNTC have full control over tobacco leaf production and cigarette manufacturing (Hu et al.,†¦show more content†¦Since 1994, a value-added tax has been collected at the cigarette manufacturing level and an additional cigarette tax, which is known as the consumption tax, has been levied at the wholesale level. In 2001, the MOF and SAT revised the cigarette consumption tax rate into two components: a specific excise tax and a producer price-based ad valorem tax3. In May 2009, the Chinese government announced another adjustment to the cigarette tax rate schedule and a new 5% !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 3 Producer price refers to the internal price that the distribution sector of CNTC pays to cigarette manufacturers. ï ¿ ¼! 11! excise tax was added for all cigarettes at the wholesale level (Liu et al., 2014). Since then, the cigarette tax system has become the combination of a producer value-added tax, a specific excise tax, an ad valorem tax and a wholesale tax. Table 1 gives a summary of the tax structure and revenue beneficiaries in China’s tobacco industry. ï ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Type of Tax/Tax Base Table 1. Tobacco Tax Structure in China Tax Rate Revenue Beneficiary 100% local government 75% central government 25% local government 100% central government 100% central government 100% central government ï ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼1. Tobacco leaf tax (since 2006) 2. Value-added tax at cigarette manufacturers (since 1994) 3. Consumption tax at wholesale level i) Specific

American who art thou Free Essays

string(36) " as Duncan is able to rescue Uncas\." â€Å"I have lived to see the last warrior of the wise race of the Mohicans† laments Tamenund (Cooper 382) in the book Last of the Mohicans. The death of Uncas and Cora marks the end of the Mohican people. Chingachgook indeed outlived Uncas his son but he is now childless and his people will now pass into legend and song. We will write a custom essay sample on American who art thou? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ironically, the people described by Cooper in his book are Mohicans (Britanica). But their names rightly belong to another tribe known as the Mohegan (Britanica). The adventures of Uncas shed light on the true meaning of American. An American is a truly difficult to define creature. The US constitution defines as; All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. (Section 1) US citizenship, for those who are not born with it, is surprisingly hard to acquire. Yet thousands of people from the third-world will try every year to gain entry. America is believed to be the land of milk and honey. Millions more would attempt to enter if they only had the means. All seek the freedom and liberty promised by the Statute of Liberty to the Huddled masses. Those who are not Natural Born American Citizens can aspire to receive visa to work in the States. If fortune smiles upon them they can be granted citizenship after proving themselves to be good law abiding people. This also in tales absorbing American Values and ethics although compared to other nations America has a high tolerance for those who thing out of the box and the non-conformists. Media can often be used to reinforce or even create a new identity for a people. For example, Nazi propaganda transformed the innocent Jews into the demons who were behind all the ills of the world. The book last of the Mohicans and the movie last of the Dogmen are examples, of how media can be used to form a country’s sense of identity. In the movie Last of the Dogmen, Lewis Gates pursues escaped convicts into the Montana countryside. All he recovers are a few scraps of cloth, some blood and an old fashioned Indian arrow. Despite the doubts of scientist, Gates believed that the there is a lost Indian tribe somewhere out there. Working on a hunch the Indian arrow leads him down a trail of pursuit of a lost tribe of Dog Soldiers. He eventually encounters the Dog soldiers and they believe him to be their foe. Upon his escape he essays to protect them from being discovered and polluted by civilization. In the movie the American was defined as a Native American, one of the Dog Soldiers whose ancestors once roamed the plains of America free and untamed by today’s mores. The noble savage is worthy of protection from the corrupting influence of mainstream society. By comparison the Last of the Mohicans is about a Mohican caught in the French-English war in Canada. The French are trying to overwhelm Fort William Henry with the aid of the Hurons and the Iroquis. Hawkeye is given the task of escorting the commanders two daughters to safety past the Indians. On the road they encounter Chingachgook and Uncas the last of the Mohicans in the region. The plot of Hawkeye’s guide is soon exposed the guide betrays the company and the two Mohicans agree to be their guides. In the forest, Hawkeye, the Mohicans and their charges face many perils including many Indians who are haunting the woods in search of them. One of the members of the group is wounded by a sniper and they are soon immobilized. The group hides in a cave but a flushed out by a much larger party of Hurons. Now prisoners of the Hurons they are granted a chance at freedom if Cora would but consider to marry Magua. Haughty Cora refuses and soon the enraged Magua decides that the entire party should just die. At that very moment, the Mohicans and Hawkeye attack rescuing the captives and slaughtering the Hurons. Magua escapes but the captives are now safe. Eventually they stop at an old building where a lot of Mohicans died and where Chingachgook and Hawkeye fought together. Soon they are finally within the fort’s walls and are safe. In the fort, Duncan wonders how the fort can hold off so many attackers. Their only hope is for Webb to arrive with reinforcements. Duncan is sent as an emissary to the French commander Montcalm. All this succeeds in doing is letting Duncan know that the Frech are aware of the dire plight of the English Fort. The commanders, Montcalm and Munro eventually meet and Montcalm hands Munro a letter detailing how Webb is unable to send reinforcement. He asks the English to surrender. Munro naturally abhors surrender, but upon hearing the generous terms offered by the Frenchman agrees to sign a treaty. Peace it seems is achieved. But not all are pleased with the accord. Magua is indignant in claiming that his warriors will have no scalps while the white men become friends. While the English are fleeing from Fort William Henry the Hurons attack killing many innocent people. Cora is found by Magua and again he asks for her to be his wife but again she refused. So Magua captures Alice instead. A rescue effort goes horribly wrong when Duncan, Uncas and Hawkeye go to the Huron Village. Uncas is caught and is at the mercy of the Huron. This time the rescue goes well as Duncan is able to rescue Uncas. You read "American who art thou?" in category "Essay examples" After a side-trip among the Delaware who are overjoyed at seeing Uncas, a Mohican. Uncas prepares his forces to attack the Hurons. In the battle that follows Magua is killed, Cora is also killed but ere the battle is ended Uncas too dies. Oddly, enough Cooper’s view of Mohican Indian is wildly at variance with the movie version. Cooper’s Mohicans are musket carrying warrior who could fight equally well as the Europeans they traveled with. By comparison   Wyeth portrays Uncas with a dagger, a tomahawk, and a bow and arrow-weapons of precolonial warfare and the customary attributes of an Indian brave. Cooper’s Uncas suggests the complexity of the character’s position as a conventionally educated, English-speaking American Indian, Wyeth generalizes and romanticizes the Indian hero’s appearance. Wyeth’s version simply conforms to his understanding of American Indians, which was tightly bound to the ideal of an untamed wilderness. Hawkeye is the book’s consummate American, he is the friend of Chingchagook. In chapter three of the Indian’s struggle for identity is first given shape. He was of unmixed blood and his tribe is the grandfather of nations. In the past his people fought the Iroquis, who were now mercenaries at the employ of the French, However, now the tribe is depleted and only Uncas his son remains of the Mohicans. Uncas and Chingchagook are firmly with the English as they are prepared to die fighting the Iroquis. Also in this chapter is the interplay of ideas and beliefs between Chingchagook and Hawkeye. This would later be an important ideal of Americans. The free exchange of ideas and belief or the so called Marketplace of ideas. Another example of the struggle was the discrimination Cora Munro suffered as opposed to the respect that Alice Munro received. Both were the daughters of a prominent military commander but because of Cora’s skin color and heritage she is looked down upon. Although later in the story she would fall in love with Uncas. An American is one who can identify with the values and morals of the American people in General. It is the question of what those values are that is problematic. One of the first defining events of being an American was Declaration of independence. As written by Thomas Jefferson the American people believed that â€Å"All men are created free and equal under God†. Previous to the declaration, Americans were still very much under the heel of the primitive feudal system they inherited from the British. The King, three thousand miles away ruled their lives by fiat. His lords and nobles ran roughshod over his subjects. This same struggle for equality is seen when Chingchagook and Hawkeye are discussing the differences between the English and the Mohicans. Another related event was the Civil war. The ideal of free and equal was put to the test. Till then it was a hypocrisy, the US claimed that its people lived in equality. Yet in the Southern States nearly 1/3 of all people were slaves who had no civil and political rights. The black man was a slave unfitting even of the title man, he toiled in the cotton plantations endlessly providing wealth for the arrogant white masters. Tens of Thousands would die before the African-American could take part and received citizenship in the country. An example, of this discrimination is when Cora rejects Magua’s offer to be his wife. In exchange for the freedom of the thralls. Still Cora refuses because even if she was a Quadroon she still held herself better than the filthy Indian Magua. However, even with the Emancipation declaration, the â€Å"black man† was still relegated to a second class citizen. It was not until Martin Luther King Jr. came forth daring violence and persecution in order end the discrimination and bigotry that plagued African Americans in the south. The struggle for equality can also been seen in the desire of Magua to be wed to Cora where Cora constantly refuses him because of his inferior stock. In the past, there were laws in place, particularly in the south, which prevented a black person from marrying a white person. Manifest Destiny, that doctrine that said that America should expand to the Pacific and beyond was another important even that helped change the American Identity. The Expansion to the west would come at the expense of Mexicans and Indians who would lose their lands. In that point of history a great influx of Irish, Germans and other European immigrants came to America to seek the freedom promised by the Statute of liberty. They were soon welded into the American people and brought their work ethic and industry to the increase the vigor of the rising Hercules that was the Union. The World Wars are another defining event in American History because the US having gained prominence among nations was now ready to take its place among the stars. America sent legions of its finest youths to go forth and fight in Europe and Asia for the defense of the weak and innocent against those who would oppress them. The same way Uncas was willing to endanger himself for the sake of foreigners he barely knew. The American identity remains vague and hard to define. Literature and other media can help express and expound it. But ultimately it must shine forth from the heart of every American Citizen. Simply, put an American is one who lives and breathes the American ideals. In a sense Hawkeye was an American because he respected the views of those who were not in concurrence with his. He also fought hard for the protection of the weak and innocent. Finally, he was a true friend to his allies. Works Cited Cooper, James The Last of the Mohicans. Edwards Brothers Inc 2006 Ed â€Å":Mohican† (history), Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, 2007, webpage: EB-Mohicans. (Last accessed 11 Dec 2007) â€Å"Mohegan † (history), Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, 2007, webpage: EB-Mahican. (Last accessed 11 Dec 2007) U.S. Constitution. Micheals, Joel B â€Å"The Last of the Dogmen† 8 Sept 1995 WYETH’S NOBLE SAVAGE Sep/Oct 2007. Vol. 28, Iss. 5; pg. 23, 1 pgs How to cite American who art thou?, Essay examples

Salvador Dalis Childhood Essay Example For Students

Salvador Dalis Childhood Essay The two greatest strokes of luck that can happen to a painter are (1), to be Spanish, (2) to be called Salvador Dali. Even today, Salvador Dali is considered one of the most influential and successful surrealist artist in history, yet not much is known about his childhood; and what we do know is incredibly vague. His childhood is what influenced many of the famous symbols and styles found in his paintings and made them what they are. Salvador Dalais surrealist artwork is amazingly vivid and filled with symbols from both his childhood and adulthood. From the symbolic melting clocks to the lesser known fried eggs. Even from a young age, Salvador was a very eccentric and somewhat disturbed child. When I was three I wanted to be a cook. At the age of six I wanted to be Napoleon. Since then my ambition has increased all the time, (surrealists. Co. UK/ Dali:pH). Dali surely had many eccentric ambitions. From a cook too Napoleon, this now legendary painter has much history that is clearly shown in his art. Dalais childhood was full of perverse and sadistic elements that were to become a major art of his symbolist paintings, (surrealists. Co. UK/Dali:pH). As a young boy, Dali began to show signs of aggression, because of this he was sent away to live with a family friend who happened to be an artist. There he developed the want to become an artist and explored other passions, such as pain. He was masochistic and would throw himself down the stairs because the pain influenced him. He had said, The pain was insignificant, the pleasure was immense. More often than not, his desire to be different came out as violence. In one incident, pushing his friend Off 15-foot bridge to watch him fall. Salvador eccentricities didnt fade with age, if anything they intensified. Almost everything he tried, he did well. He was a writer, a movie maker (biography/people/ Salvador-Dali-40389? Page=1). Dali himself said that he would not be forgotten, he made sure of this by spreading his name to all sections of the artistic community. He designed dream sequences for Alfred Hitchcock to use in his 1945 movie Spellbound, (biography/people/Salvador-Dali-40389? Page=1). He also collaborated with Walt Disney to create the short animated film, Destine. Bizarre and outlandish, Dali often took part in performance pieces that were despised by critics,(biography/people/ Salvador-Dali-40389? Page=1). Because he was never broody or quiet critics never took him seriously. To them an artist was secretive and every piece was to be a show case of the artists deep sorrow and talent. Salvador really Just wanted his artwork to be seen by the masses, so much so that he created paintings specifically for companies o sell their products. Dalais matter of revealing the gap between reality and illusion influenced all manner of modern artists. Beyond developing his own symbolic language, Dali elaborated a way to represent the inner mind, (transitory. Org/artist-Dali- Salvador. HTML) He used vivid imagery to show what he thought and felt. He knew how to create hypnotic art that memorized and inspired like no other artists could. On his death bed scientists asked if the melting clocks represented Einstein theory of lethality, he said No its based on my perception of Camembert cheese melting in the sun. Dalais symbolism seems very profound and thoughtful and at some level it is. Ants and flesh represent an encounter with a wounded bat. Food like the fried eggs comes from Dalais childhood urge to be a cook. Instruments of mutilation are a tribute to Dalais sad-masochistic behavior and thoughts. His art has always Just been the thoughts and memories of an eccentric life and mind. Nothing more and definitely nothing less.

Marketing Implementing the Market Strategy

Question: Discuss about the Marketing for Implementing the Market Strategy. Answer: Introduction Basically, the main purpose of conducting this research paper is to analyze concepts, role and importance of marketing. In addition, this research would also provide a detailed critical analysis of new product namely Master of Management online by the La Trobe University Australia. Additionally, the market analysis would also be conducted of marketing programs for the latest consumer product. On the other hand, competitive analysis would also discuss along with the score aims of the university. Along with this, this research paper would also provide the discussion about the main competitors of the La Trobe University in the Australia. In the same way, with the help of competitive analysis, Master of Management online programs competitive positioning would be analyzed. Moreover, this study would also concentrate on the various elements of the marketing plan. Along with this, it should also be noted down that, this paper would also develop a clear understanding in the minds of the read ers and students about how to develop a marketing plan for the success in the education sector. Finally, the secondary sources of information would also used in the context of this research study in order to fulfill the aims and objectives of the research paper. Strategic Aims of the University The key vision of the university is "advancement and execution of a system of exploration that has any kind of effect to the prosperity of a different scope of more seasoned individuals living in country groups. In addition to this, the following are the major aims/objectives of university, for example, Lead exploration and development identified with rustic matured consideration workforce and wellbeing conveyance activities Promote interdisciplinary and between institutional cooperation in creating, testing and executing proof based human services conveyance answers for more established individuals in country zones (La Trobe University, 2016). Establish a main country place for distinctions, and postgraduate exploration preparing in rustic matured consideration workforce and wellbeing conveyance activities Equip understudies with the instruments and aptitudes important to create thoughts, to lead and to oversee authoritative exercises crosswise over corporate, government and not-revenue driven divisions, and in little, medium and extensive scale ventures. Produce, from an enhanced admission, graduates very much grounded in science, innovation and designing, equipped for addressing the necessities of society To be a globally and broadly perceived community for quality educating, grant, and research (La Trobe University, 2016). To guarantee that the quality and scope of the Faculty's exercises are perceived by planned understudies Industry Background The higher education sector is comprised of colleges and other advanced education establishments. The Australian Government underpins the division through arrangements, financing and projects. Then again, in the Australia, advanced education is by and large gave by colleges and by other advanced education establishments, for example, Technical and Further Education (TAFE) initiates and Registered Training Organizations (RTOs). Notwithstanding this, it is additionally found that, Australian colleges are presently altogether underfunded for the examination work they do in correlation. Australia's colleges show understudies subsidized mutually by the citizen and the understudies, both of whom advantage. Also, Australia depends on its colleges to convey significantly a greater amount of its exploration than some other first world country. Advanced education framework is comprised of colleges and different organizations that assume a basic part in fuelling development, driving efficiency and giving understudies the abilities they requirement for future achievement (Australian education system . 2016). The Australian Government underpins advanced education through approaches, subsidizing and programs. The Government is looking to actualize changes to advanced education to make a framework that is higher in quality, more open, more aggressive and more feasible. To accomplish these goals, the Government stays focused on conveying strategies that guarantee our advanced education area conveys the instructive open doors and exploration results Australia needs to succeed later on. The Government is counseling with understudies, their folks, establishments, managers, Senators and different partners to guarantee progressing, reasonable and maintainable backing for a versatile, world-class advanced education framework, with evenhanded access for understudies (Group of Eight Australia. 2014). Situation Analysis In this context, several strategic marketing tools would be used to analyze the internal and external situation analysis. Internal Situation: The internal situation of La Trobe University is exceptionally solid and viable in light of the fact that number of enlisted understudies. It likewise gives advanced education at the lower cost as contrast with different Universities in the Australia (Capon, Hulbert, 2007). Customer Market Situation: The customer market situation of La Trobe University is more immersed than different colleges in the Australia since it gives advanced education at the minimal effort with preferred administrations over others to draw in understudy (Drummond, G., Ensor, Ashfor, 2007). Marketing Mix: The marketing mix of La Trobe University is based on product (Educational products/services), price, place and promotion. In product marketing mix situation, University provides higher educational degrees to the students in different forms to attract students for their programs. Moreover, it charges minimum fees for its various educational programs as compare to others. On the other hand, the university is placed on the large metro area that provides competitive advantages to the organization. It also use different marketing tools such as: online advertising, print media, and social media in order to promote its various educational programs (Evans, Richardson, 2007). Resources and Capabilities Situation: The assets and abilities circumstance of La Trobe University is likewise exceptionally powerful because of solid money related conditions. For case, it gives verging on each instructive system to the understudies. External Situation: The external situation of University is extremely solid on account of the most elevated piece of the pie, number of understudies and instructive projects in the training area. Further, it can be likewise comprehend from the accompanying circumstance examination of the La Trobe University (Hill Jones, 2012). Competitive Situation/ Competitor Analysis/Competitive Environemnt: Externally, the situation of La Trobe University in the education sector is better than other universities because of the highest satisfied students. The total market share of the university against other universities is more than 70% at national level on the basis of number of online and offline programs, number of enrolled students. But the university is facing competition from other universities in the nation. For case, the close competitors of La Trobe University are University Of Wollongong, University of Newcastle, Queensland University of Technology, Curtin University, and Griffith University. Moreover, La Trobe University is facing a tight competition from these universities because they are offering similar educational services at the low cost (Kim, Song, Kim, 2009). PESTLE Analysis: In this concern, the political environment of the La Trobe University is extremely solid as a result of the immense backing of the Australian government to extend the training business in other area of the country. In addition, the monetary circumstance is additionally extremely strong on account of the gigantic acquiring through instructive administrations. The social environment is additionally strong due to the understudies and learners that go to La Trobe University to take the benefits of minimal effort administrations. The mechanical environment is likewise great of the establishment since it utilizes PC offices and other data advances. Then again, legitimate environment help the college to create particular and element lawful principles and direction. Further, the ecological circumstance is additionally good in light of the fact that the waste administration framework and it tails every one of the guidelines and direction of law to stay away from any unfriendl y circumstance (Kliatchko, 2005). Critical Issues In New Product Launch The new product will confront the five phases amid its life cycle these are item advancement, presentation, development, development and decay. In each situation, La Trobe University will dissect the objectives, item/administration, cost, and advancement for the new item dispatch in each phase of the item life cycle to discover that objectives, item, cost, and advancement is suitable in current circumstance else it need changes to build income. La Trobe University should change in the new items objectives, item, cost, and advancement as indicated by life cycle stages to build item income, so it would examine the objectives, item, cost, and advancement of new items while consider the present situation (Mason, 2007). Know client and target new market ought to be most fitting two promoting techniques and strategies that the understudy considered to upgrade item income after some time. Client desires and inclinations are changed quickly amid monetary and economic situations are flimsy. L a Trobe University ought to be known its clients and discover matter to changes in their desires and inclinations and afterward changes its methodologies, for example, lower cost, present or changes in items and more adaptable administrations to expand item income or deals extra time (Munizzo Musial, 2010). Marketing Program Critical Analysis The La Trobe University is looking to promote its new Master of Management online program, so the marketing team should adopt innovative marketing strategies to create a unique image in the minds of customers. The marketing team ought to offer new item in officially existing business sector to spare time, cash to make picture in the psyche of clients of new target market. On the off chance that the advertising group could offer in new target market they require high bears to make mindfulness between the clients and make brand picture in the business sector. The showcasing group ought to utilize the situating procedure for advertising of new item to the current target market. The advancement and publicizing is an essential instrument of the advertising system to make position and brand esteem in the business sector. The advancement can be useful to make mindful of the clients about the components and characteristics of the new administration programs (La Trobe University. 2016). For promotion of new management online program, computerized showcasing and web advertising is entirely huge to expand the brand picture in the business sector. This college ought to utilize the social networking and online locales, for example, LinkedIn, YouTube, Facebook, and so on to keep up legitimate correspondence with target clients and enhance its position in the business sector through considered the reaction or criticism. It ought to likewise utilize post office based mail system as it could be send letters to premium gatherings about new remarkably on to the business sector to mindful them about the new item. The college ought to likewise utilize online networking, post office based mail and deals advancement position technique to develop closer and more associations with the clients. In addition, La Trobe University ought to likewise makes its position in the business sector through take an interest and backer of occasions, bolster government natural insurance program. Targeting Strategy Generally, the target strategy is identified with the choice of potential clients, who are favored by the organization to offer items and administrations. According to target technique, it is essential for the La Trobe University to choose suitable clients from the portioned markets to decide and convey the necessities and prerequisites of a specific section. Then again, it can likewise be said that, La Trobe University ought to concentrate on geographic division keeping in mind the end goal to focus on the clients for the item through utilization of online networking promoting exercises (Jianqi, 2013). In addition, La Trobe University ought to targets section through use distinctive showcasing or advancements techniques (as publicizing, deals advancement, presentation, open connection, post office based mail, web, online networking, and so on) while consider their accessibility or viability to make mindfulness and draw in the potential clients (Pride,Hughes, Kapoor, 2014). In the m eantime, La Trobe University ought to concentrate on utilizing different advertising procedures, for example, TV, radio, motion pictures, on line site, daily paper, magazines, sports trademarks, sport occasions, transport cover, unwaveringness plan, and so forth. What's more, this focusing on methodology would help the La Trobe University in drawing in various sorts of clients all the more successfully. Furthermore, with the assistance of focusing on techniques, La Trobe University would have the capacity to advance goodwill and faithfulness and adapt to market changes. By and large, they would have the capacity to accomplish aggressive extension over the contenders adequately (Kampamba, 2015). The Programs Competitive Positioning Strategy Basically, competitive positioning strategy should be utilized by La Trobe University as an imaginative promoting methodology since it would control about what it ought to do in the business sector with their item or administrations to its client so as to make an interesting picture of its brands in the psyches of prospects clients. According to this procedure, a special picture of items or administrations would be made and created by the University in the front of target group by utilizing a few devices, for example, advancement, value, spot and item (Punj Moon, 2002). For case, with a specific end goal to make a one of a kind picture of brand or items, University would embrace focused valuing situating system that would help the it in expanding the brand notoriety and expansions the benefit level. As per this procedure, University would lessen the costs and ready to pull in more clients viably. This system would likewise help the University to expand the piece of the overall indus try successfully. For instance, according to this, entire needs of the present and potential clients legitimately situated by the University, This special procedure is additionally assume a noteworthy part in spurring the conduct of the buyer for the brand (Moons, De Pelsmacker, 2014). Recommendations for new Product Strategy It is recommended that, the La Trobe University ought to receive item situating methodology as it is the "best technique" utilized for both new and existing items. As indicated by this, the college ought to figure out which portion of the business sector to put another item. It ought to likewise utilize two essential item variables in an item situating lattice, for example, "cost" and "time." On the other hand, with the powerful utilization of this, the college would have the capacity to enhance its present position in the business sector and adequately advance its new administration programs (Tsai, Hu, Lu, 2015). References Australian education system (2016) Study in Australia. Available At:https://www.studyinaustralia.gov.au/global/australian-education/education-system{Accessed On: 20 Aug 2016}. Capon, N. Hulbert, J. M. (2007) Managing Marketing in the 21st Century: Developing and Implementing the Market Strategy. Wessex Publishing. Drummond, G., Ensor, J. Ashfor, R. (2007) Strategic Marketing. UK: Routledge. Evans, C. Richardson, M. (2007) Strategy in Action Assessing the Environment. British Journal of Administrative Management, 60, pp 1-3. Group of Eight Australia (2014) Micro-economic reform of the Australian higher education industry: Implications of the Abbott Governments Budget of 13 May 2014. Available At: https://go8.edu.au/sites/default/files/docs/article/edutech_presentation__4_june_2014pdf_version.pdf {Accessed On: 20 Aug 2016}. Hill, C. Jones, G. (2012) Strategic Management: An Integrated Approach. USA: Cengage Learning. Jianqi, Z. H. A. N. G. (2013) The Application of STP Marketing Strategy into VMS Products of Company D. Business Economy, 9, p. 022. Kampamba, J. (2015) An Analysis of the Potential Target Market through the Application of the STP Principle/Model. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6(4), p. 324. Kim, Y.A., Song, H.S. Kim, S.H. (2009) A new marketing strategy map for direct marketing. Knowledge-Based Systems, 22 (5), pp. 327-335. Kliatchko, J. (2005) Towards a new definition of Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC). International Journal of Advertising, 24(1), pp. 7-34. La Trobe University (2016). Master of Management online. Available at: https://www.latrobe.edu.au/online/master-management {Accessed On: 19 Aug 2016}. La Trobe University (2016). About Us. Available at: https://www.latrobe.edu.au/ {Accessed On: 19 Aug 2016}. Mason, R. B. (2007) The external environments effect on management and strategy: A complexity theory approach. Management Decision, 45(1), pp. 10-28. Moons, I., De Pelsmacker, P. (2014) Developing different types of anticipated experience positioning for electric cars. Journal of Brand Management, 21(3), pp. 216-235. Munizzo, M.A. Musial, L.V. (2010) General Market Analysis and Highest and Best Use. USA: Cengage Learning, Pride, W., Hughes, R. Kapoor, J. (2014) Foundations of Business (4th ed.). USA: Cengage Learning. Punj, G. Moon, J. (2002) Positioning options for achieving brand association: a psychological categorization framework. Journal of Business Research, 55(4), pp. 275-283. Tsai, C. F., Hu, Y. H., Lu, Y. H. (2015) Customer segmentation issues and strategies for an automobile dealership with two clustering techniques. Expert Systems, 32(1), pp. 65-76.